Reassured about this by Roosevelt, he declared that the Red Army would attack simultaneously on the Eastern Front. By the end of one day of hard fighting, the Allies had carved out a tenuous foothold through … On the political plane, Stalin now demanded the Baltic coast of East Prussia for the U.S.S.R. as well as the territories annexed in 1939–40. eval(ez_write_tag([[728,90],'historyhit_com-box-3','ezslot_12',142,'0','0'])); In reality, however, nearly a year prior to D-Day, British Commonwealth and American Allied forces landed on the toe of Italy in 1943 and then, a few days later, at Salerno, in what were the main landings to really push towards Rome. From Sicily, the Allies had a wide choice of directions for their next offensive. The two authors made a reasonable case for Roundup’s feasibility. For the next three days, the Allies fought to expand their beachhead while the Germans defended stubbornly to mask the build-up of their reinforcements for a counter-offensive. So the compromise was to try and come in through the back door, an idea that British Prime Minister Winston Churchill believed in. It prescribed inter alia that Japan was to surrender all Pacific islands acquired since 1914, to retrocede Manchuria, Formosa, and the Pescadores to China, and to give up all other territory “taken by violence and greed”; and, in addition, it was stipulated that Korea was in due course to become independent. Calabria, the “toe” of Italy, was the nearest and most obvious possible destination, and the “shin” was also vulnerable; and the “heel” was also very attractive. It was the threat to their rear from the “heel” of Italy and from Foggia that had induced the Germans to fall back from their positions defending Naples against the 5th Army. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. But by the end of the campaign, veterans called it the âtough old gut of Europeâ.eval(ez_write_tag([[728,90],'historyhit_com-medrectangle-4','ezslot_13',143,'0','0'])); Although the Allies had decided upon an invasion of Italy from North Africa, it wasnât possible to do that directly. Nearly a fortnight passed before another small force was landed at Bari, the next considerable port north of Brindisi, to push thence unopposed into Foggia. fight for the rest of Italy was yet to come. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading Salerno 1943: The Allies invade southern Italy (Campaign Book 257). (Left to right) Soviet leader Joseph Stalin, U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill at the Tehrān Conference, December 1943. There wasnât enough shipping or enough aircraft to cover an assault. If they could coordinate their invasion with Italy’s surrender, they might be able to waltz up the peninsula and take Rome, maybe even reach the Po River valley or the Alps. The History Place - Defeat of Hitler: Allies Invade Italy. The American belief was that the only way to defeat the Nazi regime was to land in France, go to Paris, to capture Paris, to push on to Belgium, to capture Belgium, and then to capture Holland â at which point the Allies would have a route into Nazi Germany. Thatâs what Italy was to him and indeed to others as well. The longest-standing difference was about Poland. Another reason why this invasion was significant was that it got the Allies closer to Germany. Relations between the western Allies and the U.S.S.R. were still delicate. Offshore, nearly 7,000 warships from eight navies covered the invasion, while overhead more than 11,000 aircraft dominated the skies above northern France. 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