There is doubt as to whether the sage Patañjali is the author of all the works attributed to him as there are a number of known historical authors of the same name. (1) No one knows when he lived or much about his life, although there are stories. During These Times of Stress and Uncertainty Your Doshas May Be Unbalanced. Ananda is a global spiritual movement, based on the teachings of Paramhansa Yogananda, who showed how everyone can realize God in their daily lives as a tangible, loving reality. Learn more…, Copyright © Ananda Church of Self-Realization of Nevada County, 2020, ® The Joy Symbol is a trademark registered by Ananda Sangha Worldwide, The True Meaning of Sanskrit Words and Yogic Terms. Corrections? The Yoga-sutras seem to span several centuries, the first three volumes apparently having been written in the 2nd century bce and the last book in the 5th century ce. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Patanjali. It does not mean hatha yoga postures, but the ability to sit unmoving with a straight spine for long periods of time. Patanjali is not the founder or inventor of yoga.As we saw above, the origins of yoga had long been handed down in an oral (mostly secret) tradition over thousands of years from primordial and mythic times. There was never one authoritarian school of yoga (or of any Indic school of thought for that matter). To help you bring attention to your doshas and to identify what your predominant dosha is, … Learn simple yet powerful techniques originally taught by Paramhansa Yogananda in this 10-week course starting soon. Pratyahara is the interiorization of one’s attention and thoughts. Join us in celebrating a century of spiritual awakening. Yogananda said the Kriya Yoga meditation technique is “the fastest route to Self-realization.”, 8 communities, 45 teaching centers, and 102 meditation groups, Join our global community from wherever you are. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Learn more…, 2020 marks the 100th anniversary of Paramhansa Yogananda's arrival in the West and the start of the spread of his teachings around the world. They are not beliefs, but methods that can be tested by each practitioner to see for himself or herself if they actually have the benefits that they claim. Patanjali in an ancient exponent of raja yoga and the author of the Yoga Sutras, a series of verses about the eight steps needed to attain Self-Realization. Dharana is concentration; one-pointed focus. There is a possibility that many people used this name, because it was used by the authors of a number of other works on such diverse subjects as medicine, metrics, music, and alchemy. Dhyana means steadfast meditation on God or the Higher Self. (Hatha yoga postures can help one to do this, if one is physically able to practice them.). Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Patanjali is an ancient exponent of raja yoga and the author of the Yoga Sutras, a series of verses about the eight steps needed to attain Self-Realization. A great deal of scholarship has been devoted over the last century to the issue of the historicity or identity of this author or these authors. (4) Practitioners of Raja Yoga use yogic practices such as meditation to go through these stages. Learn how to calm your mind, still your body, and open the doorway to the joy of your soul. Guided Healing Prayers with Mary Kretzmann, The Inner Journey – Conference for Self-Transformation, Be a Warrior for the Light: Weekly Live Broadcast of Prayers for the World. The Yoga Sūtras of Patañjali are a collection of 196 Sanskrit sutras (aphorisms) on the theory and practice of yoga. Celebrating 100 years of spiritual awakening with the anniversary of Yogananda’s arrival in the West. Authorities therefore tend to credit more than one author writing under this name, although there is wide variance in opinion. (5), Asana is the third limb on of the path that Patanjali defined. Samadhi is complete absorption in the infinite — literally “oneness.”, There are two stages of samadhi: sabikalpa and nirbikalpa. Omissions? If one can control one’s energy, then one can withdraw it from the outer senses and up the spine, thereby raising one’s consciousness. Patanjali was a great spiritual teacher whose Spirit lives on today through the beloved Yoga Sutras. The greatest of these are the Yoga Sutras, a classical yoga text. (3), It consists of eight progressive stages on the path to Self-Realization. (6). Sabikalpa samadhi is conditional and temporary; the ego is still there subconsciously and can come back after the meditation is over. Premium Membership is now 50% off! (2), Although Patanajali was a yogi raised in the Hindu tradition, his sutras are general guidelines for spiritual growth through right living, and are not specifically about Hinduism. Patañjali (Sanskrit: पतञ्जलि) was a sage in India, thought to be the author of a number of Sanskrit works. Patanjali was an Indian sage who is believed to have authored or compiled the Yoga Sutras.Very little is known about him and no one knows exactly when he lived; although, it is estimated from analysis of the Sutras, that it was in the 4th or 5th century C.E. If you want to learn more about Patanjali: Yoga Journal co-founder Judith Hanson Lasater, PhD, and her daughter, Lizzie Lasater, have partnered with YJ to bring you a six-week interactive online course on Patanjali’s Yoga Sutra. Nirbikalpa samadhi is unconditional and permanent; one cannot fall after obtaining nirbikalpa samadhi; the ego is gone for good. Ananda is a worldwide movement to help you realize the joy of your own higher Self. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Patanjali, also called Gonardiya, or Gonikaputra, (flourished 2nd century bce or 5th century ce), author or one of the authors of two great Hindu classics: the first, Yoga-sutras, a categorization of Yogic thought arranged in four volumes with the titles “Psychic Power,” “Practice of Yoga,” “Samadhi” (state of profound contemplation of the Absolute), and “Kaivalya” (separateness); and the second, the Mahabhashya (“Great Commentary”), which is both a defense of the grammarian Panini against his chief critic and detractor Katyayana and a refutation of some of Panini’s aphorisms. Pranayama means control over energy in the body. Help share Yogananda’s teachings of yoga and meditation everywhere. Ananda is based on the teachings of Paramhansa Yogananda and was founded by his direct disciple Swami Kriyananda in 1968. Patanjali’s Yoga Sutras contains: 196 Sutras Divided into 4 chapters Chapter 1 - Samadhi Pada, the aims of Yoga Chapter 2 - Sadhana Pada, the practice of Yoga, including Kriya Yoga (the yoga of action) and the first five “Limbs” of Yoga Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Sage Patanjali was a great saint, a great scientist, a great psychologist , a great doctor of medicine and a grammarian- all in one- no exaggeration. Black Friday Sale! Patanjali, author or one of the authors of two great Hindu classics: the first, Yoga-sutras, a categorization of Yogic thought arranged in four volumes with the titles “Psychic Power,” “Practice of Yoga,” “Samadhi” (state of profound contemplation of the Absolute), and “Kaivalya” (separateness); Updates? 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