[40] In 2015, 36% children under 5 years old had migrant background. There are also many assimilated Sinti and Roma. [30] The very well-off (who earn more than 250.000 Euro per annum) and those on welfare receive no Elterngeld payments. Pressemitteilung Nr.105 vom 11 March 2008, This number represents the number of people without "immigrant background", meaning people with two parents of mostly or full German ancestry. Germany's ageing population and struggling economy strained the welfare system in the 1990s, so the government adopted a wide-ranging programme of belt-tightening reforms, Agenda 2010, including the labour-market reforms known as Hartz concept. CIA World Factbook. p. 14, Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung: "Die soziale Situation in Deutschland: Bevölkerung mit Migrationshintergrund I, "Sozialhilfe: Kinderarmut nimmt zu". [89][90] 1.9% of the country's overall population declare themselves Orthodox Christians,[81] with Serbs, Greeks, Montenegrins, Ukrainians and Russians being the most numerous. This is the age most people are in the country. English is the most common foreign language and almost universally taught by the secondary level; it is also taught at elementary level in some states. As of 2019[update], the numbers of selected groups of resident foreign nationals (non-naturalized residents) in Germany were as follows:[56]. [29], Between 1989 and 2009, about 2,000 schools closed because there were fewer children.[25]. [91] Germany has Europe's third-largest Jewish population (after France and the United Kingdom). Differences in value priorities and the better availability of childcare in the eastern states are discussed as possible reasons. Women in the GDR had fewer "biographic options", young motherhood was expected of them. Despite this relatively high number of speakers there is very little coverage in the media (mostly on NDR TV, no regular programming) and very little education in or on the language. The life expectancy in Germany is 81.1 years (78.7 years males, 83.6 years females, 2020 est.). [88], Of the roughly 4 million Muslims, most are Sunnis and Alevites from Turkey, but there are a small number of Shi'ites and other denominations. Christoph Butterwegge, Michael Klundt, Matthias Zeng: Kinderarmut in Ost- und Westdeutschland. Source: Kreyenfeld (2002); Kreyenfeld et al. This figure combines government, personal, and employer spending on health care [23], In the following years, the TFR in the East started to rise again, surpassing 1.0 in 1997 and 1.3 in 2004, and reaching the West's TFR (1.37) in 2007. It does not represent the number of people who view themselves as German. About 40,000 Vietnamese live in Berlin and surroundings. A system of apprenticeship called Duale Ausbildung ("dual education") allows pupils in vocational training to learn in a company as well as in a state-run vocational school. However, there has been a strong increase in the number of children living in poverty. A meeting of a village council can be held almost completely in Low Saxon if all participants know each other (as long as written protocols are written in Standard German), but a single foreigner can make the whole switching to Standard German. The total fertility rate is the number of children born per woman. The young are much more likely to be functionally illiterate than the old. [citation needed]. [citation needed] Latin and Ancient Greek are part of the classical education syllabus offered in many secondary schools. Historically one third of Germany's territory and population was Low Saxon speaking. State funded costfree childcare was available to all mothers. They were persecuted by the Nazis, and thousands of Roma living in Germany were killed by the Nazi regime. Some Jews from the former Soviet Union are of mixed heritage. In addition, many countries do not formally participate in the World Bank's PPP project that calculates these measures, so the resulting GDP estimates for these countries may lack precision. [20], While most childbirths in Germany happen within marriage, a growing number of children are born out-of-wedlock. The GDP per capita in Germany is $39,500 while in The United States it is $52,800 This entry shows GDP on a purchasing power parity basis divided by population as of 1 July for the same year. VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 2008, Bujard, Martin (Hrsg.) Source: The researchers assume a reduction in the per capita income of €3,700 until 2040. [citation needed], Population from 1800 to 2000. The figures presented here are based on this definition only. This accounts for a massive intergenerational gap in language use. In 2000 there were also around 300,000–500,000 Afro-Germans (those who have German citizenship)[50] and 150,000+ African nationals. A nation's GDP at purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates is the sum value of all goods and services produced in the country valued at prices prevailing in the United States. Low Saxon is officially recognized as a language on its own, but despite this fact, there's little official action taken on fostering the language. Nowadays, they are spread all over Germany, mostly living in major cities. The accommodation and integration of these Heimatvertriebene in the remaining part of Germany, in which many cities and millions of apartments had been destroyed, was a major effort in the post-war occupation zones and later states of Germany. Located in the northwestern part of Germany, the main axis contains the cities of Bremen, Delmenhorst and Oldenburg, with the cities of Wilhelmshaven and Bremerhaven being the northern corners at the north sea. Life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages. While most of these immigrants initially arrived as guest workers, Germany has also been a prime destination for refugees who have applied for asylum in Germany, in part because the German constitution has long had a clause guaranteeing political asylum as a human right; but restrictions over the years have since limited the scope of this guarantee. Statistisches Bundesamt. The monitoring reports on charter implementation in Germany show many provisions unfulfilled. ", 10% of youngsters living in Germany are functionally illiterate and one quarter are able to understand only basic level texts. [86] All other religious communities in Germany have fewer than 50,000 (<0.1%) adherents. Use of Low Saxon is mainly restricted to use among acquaintances, like family members, neighbours and friends.

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